Covalent bond

Link that occurs the sharing of a pair of electrons between different atoms. Thus, a shared pair of electrons gives rise to a simple bond, double bonds can be formed by sharing three pairs of electrons or triple bonds by sharing three pairs of electrons. If the bond is between atoms of different elements, the difference of electronegativities causes the formation of a dipole.

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Chemical Glossary Terms

Chemical Terms begining with E

Boiling

Change of state from liquid to gas that occurs at a certain temperature and throughout the mass of t...

Arrhenius equation

Equation that allows to calculate the specific speed constant from the frequency factor (A), the act...

Equation of state.

Fundamental equation of the ideal gas PV = nRT, where P = pressure (atm), V = volume (L), n = moles,...

Nernst equation.

Equation that relates the potential of a cell, E, with the standard potential, E °, and the concent...

Chemical equation

Representation of a chemical reaction by chemical formulas and symbols. The chemical equation is req...

Effect of the common ion.

Decrease in the solubility of an electrolyte when an ion it contains is added to the equilibrium.

Greenhouse effect

Warming effect of the atmosphere and the surface of a planet because the atmosphere allows solar rad...

Tyndall effect

Dispersion of the light produced when passing through a light beam a container that contains a collo...

Zeeman effect.

Splitting of the spectral lines into finer ones, when the atoms emit light being subject to the acti...

Efficiency.

Performance of a chemical reaction expressed as a percentage. It is calculated as follows: mass of p...

Einsteinium

Symbol chemical element It is, belonging to the series of actinides, of atomic number 99. It is a ra...

Electricity.

Form of energy that is manifested by the flow of electrons through a conductor. A chemical reaction ...

Electrodialysis

Dialysis performed on a solution containing ions that can be eliminated by an electric field. The so...

Electrode

Electrical conductor that supplies or attracts electrons to a medium. There is a difference between ...

Reference electrode.

Electrode whose potential is known independent of the concentration of the analyte against which the...

Glass electrode

Electrode in which a potential difference develops through a thin glass membrane that separates solu...

Indicating electrode

Electrode whose potential is proportional to the logarithm of the molar concentration of the analyte...

Electrodes

Plates or metallic terminals of a discharge tube. The negative electrode is called the cathode and t...

Electrophoresis

Method of separation and identification of charged colloidal particles or ions in liquid phase, whic...

Electrolysis

Decomposition of an element in solution or melted by the action of a continuous electric current, wh...

Electrolyte

Chemical that dissolved or molten conducts electric current. Arrhenius stated that this was because ...

Electron

Negative charge subatomic particle 1.6x10e-19 C and mass of 9.1 * 10e-28 g. the electrons are in mot...

Electron.

Lightweight negatively charged lepton whose mass is 0.511 MeV, that is, about 1/1840 of that of a nu...

Electronegative

Chemical element that tends to capture electrons and to form negative ions. Halogens are typically e...

Valence electrons

Electrons of the last energy level. Lewis's theory proposes that these electrons are the most involv...

Electropositive

Chemical element that tends to lose electrons and to form positive ions. The alkali metals are elect...

Electrochemistry

Part of the chemistry that studies the relationships between chemical reactions and the electrical e...

Element

Substance that can not be divided into simpler ones by ordinary chemical methods. In an element, all...

Elements of transition

Set of elements from group 3 to 12 of the periodic table. They are characterized because their elect...

Buchner funnel

Special type of funnel that is used to perform vacuum filtrations. Filtration funnels usually use an...

Emulsion

Dispersed system in a medium in which the two phases are liquid is a type of colloidal dispersion. O...

Ionic bond

Link formed between an anion and a cation. These ions are attracted electrostatically, forming a ver...

Enantiomer

Optical isomer that has the power to deflect polarized light at a certain angle. The isomer that shi...

Endothermic

Term that applies to any process in which energy is absorbed. The solubility of salts whose dissolut...

Energy

The ability of a system to perform work in the form of movement or to produce light and heat. In the...

Quantized energy

Does it mean that the energy of the e? in the atom it is restricted to certain characteristic values...

Activation energy.

Energy that the reactants must overcome in a chemical reaction in order to become products. A slow r...

Ionization energy.

Energy that is needed to supply an atom of an element in a gaseous state to remove an electron.

Covalent bond

Link that occurs the sharing of a pair of electrons between different atoms. Thus, a shared pair of ...

Covalent bond

Chemical bond that results from the sharing of a pair of electrons between two atoms.

Hydrogen bridge link

Weak intermolecular bond formed between a hydrogen atom of a polar molecule and a very electronegati...

Homonuclear link

When it is formed between two identical atoms. The electronegativity difference equals zero and the ...

Ionic bond.

Link formed between a metallic and a non-metallic atom, in which the metal completely transfers its ...

Metallic link

A sequence in which all intervening electrons are located in specific areas, but move freely through...

Chemical bond

Union between atoms of the microlens or atomic groupings that form chemical compounds as a result of...

Enzyme

Protein specialized in the catalysis of biological reactions. Enzymes are extraordinarily specific a...

Enzymes

Proteins that function as biological catalysts of high specificity, which make possible the synthesi...

Chemical balance

State of a system in which the speed of the reactants is equal to the speed of the products of the r...

Erbium

Chemical element is symbol Er, belonging to the series of the lanthanides, of atomic number 68 and a...

Random error

Uncertainties due to variables that are impossible to control during a measurement process. It is al...

Systematic error

Error whose source and value is known exactly. It affects the measurement in a single direction and ...

Scandium

Chemical element is symbol Sc, belonging to group 3 of the periodic table, atomic number 21 and atom...

Isoelectronic species.

Chemical species that are characterized by having the same number of electrons.

Spectrum

Representation of a set of radiations of different frequency that have been obtained thanks to the d...

Spectrum

Range of electromagnetic energy organized in increasing or decreasing order of wavelength or frequen...

Continuous spectrum

Spectrum that contains all possible ranges of radiation from a minimum value to another maximum. It ...

Absorption spectrum

Spectrum obtained by illuminating a substance, which absorbs only certain radiation. These are captu...

Spectrum of bands

Spectrum obtained by the absorption of energy by high-density gas molecules. The electrons capture t...

Spectrum of emission

Spectrum obtained when a substance is heated. The outer electrons absorb supplied energy and migrate...

Spectrum of lines or atomic

Discontinuous spectrum of the atoms of a given element. A spectrum of lines separated from each othe...

Spectrum of lines.

Spectrum that produces an element when it is heated, excited by ions or when it absorbs photons. The...

Mass spectrograph.

Apparatus for determining the atomic weight of an element, by comparing its deviation in a magnetic ...

Spectrometer

Optical apparatus used in the direct mediation of the wavelengths and frequencies of the electromagn...

X-ray spectrum

Spectrum of discontinuous emission resulting from the excitation of heavy metals. Energy is produced...

Spectroscopy

Analysis technique that aims to study the physical and chemical properties of a substance through it...

Spectroscope

Optical device that is used to measure the wavelengths and frequency of the spectra. It is made up o...

Stabilizer

Substance that is added to a compound or a mixture to prevent its decomposition. It is used in food.

State

Situation in which a determined chemical system is found. A state is characterized by the value of i...

State of equilibrium

State in which the macroscopic properties of the system remain unchanged over time.

Excited state

State of an atom, molecule or group of atoms that have absolved energy and are in a higher standard ...

Fundamental status

State of an atom, molecule or group of atoms that are at their lowest possible energy level. This ha...

States of the material

Each one of the states of aggregation of the particles in which a substance can be presented and whi...

Primary standard.

Solution whose concentration is known with a high degree of accuracy and is prepared by dissolving a...

Standardization

Determination of the concentration of a solution through the use, direct or indirect, of a standard ...

Tin

Chemical element is symbol Sn, belonging to group 14 of the periodic table, of atomic number 50 and ...

Stoichiometry

Branch of chemistry that studies the quantitative relationships between its substances that are invo...

Ester

Organic compound derived from carboxylic acids in which hydrogen has been replaced by an alkyl radic...

Esterification

Reaction of obtaining an ester from a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. It is carried out in the prese...

Strontium

Chemical element is symbol Sr, belonging to group 2 of the periodic table, atomic number 38 and atom...

Structure of Lewis.

Electronic structure of a neutral or ionic compound, which shows how atoms are linked and their free...

Etanal

Very volatile, inflammable, irritating and narcotic liquid, called acetaldehyde. One of the industri...

Ethane

Saturated hydrocarbon present in natural gas, obtained from the fraction of the lowest boiling point...

Ethanol

Primary alcohol, the most known and important, is a colorless, flammable and pleasant-smelling liqui...

Ether

It can be considered of the alcohols by substitution of the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group for ...

Ethylene

Colorless gas, the simplest of the alkenes, presents all the typical addition reactions of the alken...

Europio

Chemical element is symbol Eu, belonging to the series of the lanthanides, of atomic number 63 and a...

Evaporation

Change of gas that takes place when a liquid passes to steam or gas. It occurs at any temperature an...

Accuracy.

Measure of the degree of agreement between an analytical result and the value that is accepted as tr...

Exothermic.

Term that applies to any process in which energy is released. The reaction of magnesium with hydroch...

Rutherford experiment.

Process by which metallic sheets were bombarded with particles and the existence of the nucleus of t...

Thomson experiment.

When working with a cathode ray tube, he discovered the electron and determined the relationship bet...

Extraction

Method of separation of the components of a mixture based on the difference of these substances in t...

Covalent bond

Chemical Glossary Terms

Chemical Terms begining with E

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